There is a wide gap between the lives of Muslims today and the lives of the
first generation of Muslims. Many of those who study Islam know more about
the lives of scholars than they do about the Sahaba and the rightly-guided
Caliphs, even though the era of the rightly-guided Caliphs offers all
Muslims a rich source of knowledge about all the Islamic sciences. The
Sahaba laid the foundations of a strong Islamic nation. The Companions of
our beloved Prophet Muhammad (saas) are some of Islam's greatest heroes and
played a great role in the history of Islam. Their struggles for the sake
of Allah and their complete devotion to Islam are examples that all Muslims
can feel inspired by and inshaAllah, emulate.
May Allah's peace and blessings be upon His final Prophet and his noble
Companions. These short descriptions of the lives and merits of these
Companions hardly do them any justice. It is highly recommended that each
Muslim do some further investigation by reading biographies of the
Companions. Here are some facts about only a few of the Prophet's
Companions.
Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq: Abu Bakr was the Prophet's (saas) best friend, and the
first rightly-guided Caliph. He was the only person, other than the
Prophet's wife (Khadijah), who accepted Islam immediately and believed in
Muhammad from Islam's earliest beginnings. Abu Bakr always remained at the
Prophet's side, and he had no reservations about spending his wealth for the
sake of Islam and the Muslims. He belonged to a wealthy, well-established
family in Mecca, but when he died he had only six hundred dirhams. He used
his status in Mecca to protect new converts to Islam when the Quraish were
oppressing Muslims. The Companions recognized his superiority, yet he always
remained humble and sincere towards all. He is an example of dedication and
sacrifice.
Umar Ibn Al-Khattab: 'Umar was the second Caliph of Islam and one of the
closest Companions to the Prophet (saas). He was so firm in his practice of
Islam that he usually could sense what was right or wrong before the Prophet
(saas) had informed others of it. He used to say to his friends: "If a
mule stumbles near the Euphrates River, I fear being questioned by Allah as
to why I had not paved the road for it." 'Umar is the greatest examples of
a just ruler. Before he converted, 'Umar was a bitter enemy of Islam, but
when he entered the fold, the Muslims felt strong enough to withstand any
oppression, and began worshipping Allah openly. The Prophet (saas) said of
'Umar: "Among the Children of Israel who lived before you, there were men
who used to be inspired with guidance though they were not Prophets, and if
there were any such person amongst my followers, it would be 'Umar."
Uthman bin 'Affan: Uthman accepted Islam in its early beginnings. From the
first moment he became a Muslim, Uthman used all his wealth to serve the
cause of Islam. He spent most of his resources to satisfy the needs of poor
Muslims. Other than Abu Bakr, none of the Prophet's Companions could surpass
him in his financial support of Islam. Uthman was the third rightly-guided
Caliph. One of the great accomplishments of his rule was the collection of
the Qur'an. Uthman was so distinctively modest that the Prophet (saas)
said: "The angels feel shy when they see Uthman."
Ali Ibn Abi Talib: Ali was one of the earliest believers, the first boy to
embrace Islam at only twelve years of age, and the fourth Caliph. He lived
in the Prophet's (saas) house and imitated him in all that he did, living a
humble life. Ali was especially heroic in the battles he fought for the
cause of Islam, earning the nickname "the Lion of Allah". Ali married the
Prophet's daughter, Fatimah, and they lived a happily together even though
they were poor. Allah praised them in the Qur'an for their self-denial. One
day, they were having their meal of dry bread, and a beggar knocked on the
door. They gave him the dry bread and stayed hungry, because they preferred
to satisfy Allah by feeding the beggar
Suhaib ar-Roomi: Suhaib was a slave as a child, taken as a prisoner of war
by the Roman army when he was very young. He was taken to Mecca and sold to
a noble man who later set him free. Suhaib became a trader and amassed
wealth over the following years. He was one of the early believers who
embraced Islam when he listened to one of the Prophet's (saas) lectures. He
tried to keep his faith secret, but the pagans tortured him because he was
not affiliated with a powerful tribe in Mecca. When Suhaib migrated to
Medina, the Quraish told him to surrender all of his wealth and property, or
they would detain him. Suhaib left all his wealth and property behind for
the sake of Islam. When he told the Prophet (saas) of the deal he made with
Quraish to escape, the Prophet said to him twice: "O Suhaib! It was a
profitable deal." He defended the Prophet (saas) in battle, even shielding
him with his own body against arrows.
Jabir bin Abdullah: Jabir embraced Islam when he was a young boy. Jabir was
orphaned when he found his father's body mutilated by the pagans at the
battle of Uhud. Jabir's father was a martyr, but he was left with a large
debt and seven sisters to care for. Jabir was supported by the Prophet
(saas) and his Companions. He sacrificed his happiness for the welfare of
his seven sisters. Instead of marrying a virgin, he married an experienced
widow who would be more capable of taking care of his sisters. He loved the
Prophet (saas) dearly and kept close to him. He was always repeating that
the Prophet (saas) taught him that smiling to a brother was a good deed for
which a believer would be rewarded by Allah. Although he was extremely poor,
he sacrificed the little food he had to the Prophet (saas) who was tying two
stones to his stomach to overcome his hunger. As a result, Jabir's house was
blessed, thanks to prayers made by the Prophet (saas). Jabir fought in many
battles against the enemies of Islam, and was a dedicated Muslim for the
rest of his life.
'Amr bin Al-'Aas: 'Amr bin Al-'Aas was one of the greatest enemies of Islam
before his conversion. He used all of his resources and skills to thwart the
efforts of Muhammad (saas) and his Companions. However, he was an
intelligent man, and embraced Islam. After submitting himself to Allah,
'Amr became one of Islam's greatest heroes. Prophet Muhammad (saas) showed
his full trust in 'Amr's capabilities and sincerity towards Islam by
appointing him as governor of Oman. 'Amr later led the Muslims to conquer
Egypt and establish a strong Islamic state.
Khalid bin Al-Waleed: Khalid bin Al-Waleed was a great hero of Islam. Known
as 'The Sword of Allah,' he led several battles and was always victorious
when he fought for Islam. Before he converted to Islam, he fought with the
Quraish against Islam and even took part in torturing some of the weak
Muslims, making it impossible for them to live in Mecca. It was Khalid bin
Al-Waleed who found the weak spot in the Muslim army in the battle of Uhud
and led the pagans to defeat the Muslims. After this, he was appointed the
commander of the Quraish army for his military skill and strength. Khalid
was eventually humiliated when he lost the Battle of the Trench. It took
twenty years for Khalid bin Al-Waleed to convert to Islam, but when he did,
he became a true soldier for Allah. He conquered apostates, notably
Musailamah Al-Kadhab (the Liar) and restored peace and order to the Arabian
Peninsula. He devised military tactics which, by the help of Allah, resulted
in defeating the Roman army, subduing the Persians, and purifying Arabia
from apostates. When he died, Umar bin Al-Khattab cried and said: "Women
would never give birth to one like you.
Abu 'Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah: The Prophet (saas) publicly named ten men who
would be guaranteed Paradise in the Hereafter. One of these fortunate men
was Abu 'Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah. He was one of the earliest to accept Islam
in its early days in Mecca. He took part in the migrations to Ethiopia and
Medina for the sake of preserving his faith. He fought in all the major
battles of Islam and spent most of his life as a soldier for Allah's cause.
He even killed his own father in battle when his father vowed to slay him
for accepting Islam. Praising his character, the Prophet (saas) said: "Every
Ummah has a trustworthy man; Abu 'Ubaidah is the trustworthy man of this
Ummah.
Bilal bin Rabah: Bilal was one of the earliest converts to Islam in Mecca
and one of the slaves who accepted Islam at a time when becoming a Muslim
resulted in persecution, or even death. Bilal was an Abyssinian brought to
Mecca to be a slave in the house of a Quraishi chief. He was humiliated and
oppressed because of his low status and dark skin, yet bore his trials with
patience. In his heart, Bilal knew that the idols he was forced to worship
would not be able to bring him any good or harm, so when he heard of a new
Prophet who called people to worship Allah alone and to treat each other
with justice and equality, he became interested in Islam. When his owner,
Umayya bin Khalaf, discovered that Bilal had not only accepted Islam, but
also spit on an idol in front of the Ka'bah, he tortured Bilal to make him
turn away from his newfound faith. Bilal was whipped until his skin would
tear and blood streamed out, taken to the desert, wrapped in steel chains
and placed underneath a huge rock, and the only words he would say were
'Allah is One.' Bilal showed humanity that nothing should be exchanged for
the true faith, not even one's life. One day, Umayya was torturing Bilal
particularly heavily, and Abu Bakr came and asked to purchase Bilal. Abu
Bakr was persistent and paid a large sum for Bilal, then immediately
declared Bilal to be a free man, an example of Islam's attitude toward
slavery. Bilal was treated equally by the Companions, and migrated to
Medina for the sake of his faith. In Medina, Bilal announced the call to
prayer for the first time in history and became the first Mu'edhin of Islam.
With his melodious voice, he would give the call to prayer five times a day
for the rest of the Prophet's (saas) life.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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